Description of Village of Tonawanda, partial transcription (Commerce, Manufactures and Resources of Buffalo and Environs, 1880).jpg
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Title
Description
Tonawanda
Our title, which includes Buffalo as well as its environs, demands that a point so contiguous and so important as Tonawanda, should not be forgotten, or passed over in a work which has for its sole object a thorough delineation of the varied material resources of this community.
In keeping with this design much information has been carefully gathered with reference to Tonawanda which the reader will find following this general notice; and we are under the impression that never heretofore, has been published so accurate and detailed a disclosure of those enterprises that contribute to make this point one of the largest lumber markets in the world.
Situated on the Niagara River, Tonawanda Creek and on the Erie Canal, intersected by the New York Central & Hudson River Railway and the Erie Railway, its position at the foot of Lake Erie seems so entirely admirable for purposes of Commerce that it becomes rather a matter of surprise that only during the past decade has the town sprung into prominence as the center of a traffic in lumber whose proportions it is difficult to realize.
The rapid growth to which we refer, however, is of itself an eloquent commentary upon the extraordinary advantages resulting from a site so fortuitous; more especially so, when it is remembered that during the period alluded to occurred a financial disturbance which for five years exerted a constantly repressive influence upon the industries of the entire nation.
In defiance of all such obstacles, and quite regardless apparently of conditions which retarded the prosperity of less favored places, Tonawanda in its population, business and resources grew annually at a rate which is partially indicated by statistics, which the reader will observe with interest if not astonishment.
In 1848–9 Tonawanda was little more than an obscure hamlet, which, peopled by canal men and their families, straggled along the water-ways with a vain attempt to look permanent, and gave no promise of a more substantial future. At this time however an Association of Cleveland capitalists recognizing the availability of the point for purposes of trans-shipment, formed a joint stock company under the style of the Tonawanda & Cleveland Commercial Company, and in 1849 erected extensive warehouses and a grain elevator of considerable dimensions. For various reasons, not altogether foreign to mismanagement on the part of the Company and lack of steam tugs, this venture proved abortive, otherwise than by attracting attention to its locality, and creating an interest in others that proved ultimately more fruitful.
The arrival of the first cargo of grain at Tonawanda was an event in its history, and the Schooner Poland which conveyed it, found no difficulty in navigating the Niagara and effecting safe and convenient harbor. Contemporaneously Captain Anson Sheppard one of the best known seamen upon the lakes, owner of the schooners Cleveland and Windham, and a resident of Tonawanda, in conjunction with his brother Orrin, began the transportation of staves to Tonawanda for Messrs. Butts & Co., who met with such success in this enterprise that in 1850 they constructed docks along the Niagara and upon the Creek, which subsequently passed into the possession of J. A. McDougall & Co.
From this small and seemingly unimportant beginning, has developed the enormous industry that now characterizes the place, and it was this venture that formed the nucleus from which expanded the lumber trade of Tonawanda. It was after this period that Hon. H. P. Smith originated the idea of towing or rafting logs across the lake from Canadian and other ports, a scheme that was put to execution with such success, that many others embarked in like operations, and the little town began to exchange its shabby habiliments for the garniture of thrift.
In 1856 the general progress of trade was marked by the erection of the first planing mill, which was built by Wm. Emerson, Esq., who having conducted the business for some years, was succeeded by a Mr. Potts; the plant finally coming into possession of Nevin Nugent about 1868. This year is made notable for the organization of several firms, of which perhaps the most prominent was that of Burrows, Lane & Co., in which Messrs. D. B. Burrows, Stillman Cutter, C. G. Lane, J. F. Vincent and J. A. McDougall were interested. Thus associated, these gentlemen began the construction of extensive docks and wharves for the accommodation of lake vessels and barges, exerting in every way a powerful influence in fostering the industries of the place and giving it a value valid title to consideration.
From this time dates the commencement of real prosperity in the history of Tonawanda, and the work of development went forward with even strides. Steam tugs and barges were constructed and came into general use, largely superseding sailing craft, and the receipts of lumber at the port began to assume immense proportions.
The harbor, which for safety, depth and capacity is one of the finest inland waters in this country, affords almost unlimited facilities for vessels of all classes, a fact so well known that even as far back as the spring of 1853, no less than thirty sail bound for Buffalo, put into this port to escape ice and stress of weather, an event which is still of not infrequent occurrence upon a smaller scale.
It is not a difficult task to ascertain by brief examination those causes that have been at work to establish Tonawanda as one of the leading lumber markets in the country, and we shall state them mainly and concisely as follows:
First—A situation at the extreme eastward point of navigation, and free access by water to the great lumber lands of the West, Northwest, and Canada.
Second—A connection between the harbor and the Erie Canal by means of lockage, affording a direct route for cheap shipment to the seaboard States, twelve miles nearer the eastern terminus than any other available point.
Third—Four miles of docks and wharfs, with ample room for still further expansion.
Fourth—Railroad facilities by the New York Central and Erie Railways, with sidings to river fronts and all principal yards and mills—together with specially favorable freight rates.
Fifth—Immunity from heavy taxation, high rents, labor combinations, and the expenses of harbor dredging.
These are in short the salient points of advantage that have contributed to engender and perpetuate a career so remarkable, and in glancing at the whole situation, it may be safely assumed that so long as the West and Northwest produce lumber and the East consumes it, Tonawanda must (unless affected by the Welland Canal), continue to augment its prosperity and resources.
In 1875 it was found expedient on the part of those mainly interested in the lumber business to form an association entitled the Tonawanda Lumber Association, for converging the influence and enterprise of the trade upon all objects of mutual advantage. This organization has annually increased in vitality and usefulness, and has done much to promote the general welfare.
Its officers are at present as follows:
E. Evans—President.
Alexander McBean—Vice-President.
G. W. Buckmaster—Treasurer.
W. R. Gregory—Secretary.
DIRECTORS.
Theo. S. Fassett.
W. H. Cowper.
W. H. Gratwick.
E. Goodrich.
D. R. Burrows.
The statistics herewith submitted were compiled from official sources and may be relied upon as correct.
LUMBER, LATH AND SHINGLES RECEIVED AT THE PORT OF TONAWANDA FROM ALL SOURCES, FOR EIGHT YEARS FROM 1872 TO 1879 INCLUSIVE.
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In the face of such figures as the foregoing, it requires no remarkable discernment to anticipate for Tonawanda an increase for the current year (1880) over 1879 of from twenty to thirty per cent. on the gross business transacted, and a regular augmentation thereafter so long as contingent circumstances remain unchanged.
So far we have confined ourselves mainly to a consideration of the lumber interests, but there are other industries firmly seated here, that while taking secondary positions, must not be overlooked in this connection.
That of boat and barge building is one of these, and adds no little to the stability of the town by the employment of numerous artisans and a very considerable capital. After what has already been said, it is obvious that it would be difficult to choose a point having greater facilities for the prosecution of such enterprises, and that this is the case, can be seen by the rapid annual increase of operations in this department. Great attention is also given to the manufacture of house building stuff, and many saw and planing mills are constantly turning out vast quantities of sash, doors, blinds, frames, mouldings, shingles, lath, siding, flooring, sheathing, and especially in preparing material for house and boat building; ingenious machinery is employed that we have not observed. [...] to the manufacturer of furniture seeking a spot for the profitable and convenient prosecution of his business, we have no hesitancy in saying that Tonawanda presents almost unequalled inducements which should not fail to incite at least investigation—a remark which holds equally good with reference to wood-workers in all departments of trade.
It could hardly be expected that, springing from insignificance into comparative importance in one decade, Tonawanda should possess an appearance characteristic of age and prominence. Yet even in this respect the visitor will find much to commend in the way of churches, business blocks and private residences, not only suggesting opulence and stability, but indicative of refinement and culture.
Located, as before described, twelve miles from Buffalo, this is not surprising; and with a population of nearly seven thousand, all the social advantages of the most favored communities are attainable.
Two weekly newspapers are published here, both of which have placed us under obligations for professional courtesies.
The Tonawanda Herald, which was established in 1874, by Jay Densmore, is now controlled by Messrs. Warren & Chapman, and is edited with ability and spirit, having Democratic proclivities and exerting an active political influence throughout the country. Its circulation is said to be the largest achieved by any local journal, and is rapidly increasing, while its devotion to the commercial and other interests of the community in which it is published, entitles it to general support.
The Tonawanda Index was founded in 1876 by J. A. L. Fisher, who still continues its publication, aided in the editorial work by Geo. S. Hobbie. The Index is a nine column folio, independently Republican in politics, first class typographically, and circulates extensively through Erie, Niagara and adjacent counties. It has acquired a State reputation, and is an excellent medium for reaching the people in range of its circulation. Within a short period a daily miniature paper entitled The News, has been issued by Mr. Hobbie, containing concisely the local current news.
Closing this rapid and general review of the industries of Tonawanda, we especially direct the attention of the reader to the series of articles that follow, as containing more detailed and valuable information than can be readily obtained from any other source.
These articles are based upon facts collected with much trouble and expense by the publishers, and have been written with a view of disclosing more fully the resources of this place.
Care has been taken to adhere closely to the verities, and the reader may safely rely upon all statements made as being strictly within the bounds of truth.
We have found the business men of Tonawanda courteous, enterprising and honorable to a remarkable degree, and consider ourselves under obligations to Messrs. Smith, Fassett & Co., Messrs. Evans, Schwinger & Co., and Messrs. J. A. Bliss and Frederick Smith to whom we return thanks for valued aid in our undertaking.
TONAWANDA
The reader will find in the notices which follow a representation of the best enterprise, progress, and development of Tonawanda. To those who are interested in the Lumber trade in any of its departments these articles will convey more information than can possibly be derived collectively from any other source. The facts embodied are far from being exaggerated, and fail even in doing justice to the industry and perseverance which characterizes this community. We commend these articles to the special attention of those who may be interested in this important branch of trade, and regret that our space does not afford opportunity for further elaboration.
J. A. BLISS, MANUFACTURER OF SHINGLES, TONAWANDA
It not unfrequently occurs that a particular section of country derives its importance, and becomes conspicuously prominent on account of some special department of trade, or leading article of commerce. Tonawanda so far from being an exception to this rule, is a remarkable illustration of it. Mention the name of Tonawanda, and visions of Timber, acres of Lumber and an array of saw-mills, planing-mills, shingle-mills, and all that appertains to or is involved in wood and its products, will rise before the mind. The capital involved is exceedingly large, and the annual productions exceed those of any locality (with two exceptions) in the United States.
Among the prominent houses in Tonawanda, and which may properly be termed one of the pioneers in the business, is that of Mr. J. A. Bliss, manufacturer of and dealer in Sawed and Cut Shingles. He has been in this business as far back as 1858. His finances were not of an encouraging character, he having but fifteen cents in his pocket, and no other resources but the possession of an indomitable will, a practical knowledge of his business, energy and industry, which in his case proved the harbinger of success, resulted in the accumulation of capital figuring up the handsome sum of fifty thousand dollars.
This business has assumed large proportions, requiring the occupancy of two Mills, the larger covering an area of 125x60 feet, the smaller 40x60 feet. The machinery is complete, embracing all the latest improvements, among which are three Cutting Machines (capacity fifty thousand each daily); two Trevor Machines; one 12-block Rotary Machine (capacity two hundred and fifty thousand); also, one 28-inch-diameter cross-cut Circular Saw—the largest twin-cylinder in the world. Two Steam Engines are required, 120 and 50-horse power respectively; while one hundred and fifty hands are employed in the several departments. His products, which amount to one hundred and fifty thousand daily, finds a ready market in New York, New England, and Pennsylvania.
The Shingles produced by this house rank among the best, and have secured the reputation and market; and the personal supervision of Mr. Bliss over his business ensures its superior standard in the public market—one that which, in the past, has built up the future, the true worthiness of his Mills, and which from their merits and the efforts of Mr. J. A. Goodrich, head salesman, have become so widely known throughout the country.
Mr. J. A. Bliss is a native of Bradford, Ontario County, N. Y., and was born August 10, 1827, and came to Tonawanda in 1848. His popularity may be inferred from the fact that he has held the office of Postmaster some seven times in twelve years. He has always occupied a prominent place in advancing the growth and general prosperity of this place, and may be justly considered as one of the representative business men of Tonawanda.
The facts, to which we have referred, are the best guarantee, that whoever may effect commercial transactions with him, can do so with the confidence that their best interests will be conserved.
In this connection we may remark that Mr. J. A. Bliss is the senior member of the firm Bliss & Smith (of this place), dealers in Michigan Pine Lumber, Spars, etc., to which reference has already been made.
(See advertisement elsewhere.)
VINCENT & HITTEL, PLANING MILL; WHOLESALE AND COMMISSION LUMBER; LUMBER RECEIVERS, DRESSERS AND SHIPPERS, TONAWANDA.
Among the numerous enterprising Lumber Dealers of Tonawanda the firm of Vincent & Hittel holds a prominent place, having had a lengthened experience and become thoroughly conversant with every detail and requirement of their business. Prompt and reliable in their dealings, it is no wonder that they have attained to such popularity, and that success has attended their efforts to so large a degree. During the year 1879 their business increased at a rapid rate, the present year opening out to them increased avenues of trade; but one of those unforeseen misfortunes happened, which for the time being, checked their progress. On the twentieth of February last their mill was entirely destroyed by fire, but they immediately set about rebuilding their present new structure, which covers 65x65 feet and is built in a most substantial manner, is equipped with the best modern machinery, and every convenience to do work rapidly and well. Their grounds cover an area of 135x450 feet, upon which side-tracks are laid, connecting with the New York Central and Erie Railroads, while they have a frontage on Niagara river of 875 feet, which such facilities, added to their practical experience, energy and ability, are the necessary elements to maintain and develop the patronage heretofore liberally bestowed and deservedly secured. Their trade is an extended one, reaching all over the New England States and elsewhere.
The members of this firm have been associated in this enterprise since 1873; while Mr. Vincent was one of the pioneers in this region in the Lumber trade. They are practical, judicious and enterprising men, and, judging from their past success and their present facilities, it is not too much to say that for them a prosperous future is sure to result in proving that whoever may effect business transactions with Vincent & Hittel will find them prompt and reliable in all respects.
(See advertisement elsewhere.)
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COWPER & GREGORY, FORWARDERS AND COMMISSION LUMBER DEALERS, TONAWANDA
Another well-known house, engaged as Forwarders and Commission Lumber Dealers, in Tonawanda, is that of Messrs. Cowper & Gregory, which was established in 1875, with an ample capital and unlimited facilities for forwarding consignments of lumber, etc., either by canal or rail, one of their docks having a switch of the New York Central Railroad running upon it.
The premises of the firm are situated on Tonawanda Creek and Niagara River. They possess a dock frontage of the greatest length recorded, and are exceptionally well suited for the business, which extends over New York, the Eastern States, Michigan and Canada. The senior partner is a native of New Brunswick, Canada, and was born in 1849, while the junior member is from Ithaca, Tompkins County, N.Y., where he was born in 1848.
The satisfaction enjoyed by their patrons for the expeditious and discriminating manner in which they conduct all business intrusted to them, merits the approbation of those with whom they have effected relations, and tends to promote the annual increase of their business.
Both members of this firm being in the prime of life, aggressive and energetic in the business they control, it is not too much to say or anticipate, that a prosperous future awaits them, and that they will at least keep pace with contemporaneous concerns engaged as forwarding and commission lumber dealers.
(See advertisement elsewhere.)
GOODRICH & ELLINGER, RECEIVERS AND FORWARDERS OF LUMBER, TONAWANDA.
The above firm was established in 1878, and entered at once upon the transaction of a business as Receivers and Forwarders of Pine Lumber, Lath, Shingles, etc. The resources of the Firm were amply sufficient for all they contemplated, and in the possession of unusual facilities for shipping both by canal and rail, the business increased to such an extent that in 1879 no less than eighty million feet of Lumber were handled by the concern, which controls a dock frontage on the Niagara river of two thousand eight hundred feet.
For promptness and energy in the prosecution of their duties, the firm has already established a favorable and widely extended reputation, and is highly commended to Eastern buyers as a medium through which to obtain their supplies from the West.
Mr. F. Goodrich, the senior partner, is originally from New York City, where he was born in 1845, but came from Bay City, Mich., to Tonawanda in 1877. Mr. A. A. Ellinger, the junior member of the firm, was born in Buffalo in 1850, having been a resident of this place, however, since 1859.
Both members of the house are thoroughly posted in the transportation and freighting of Lumber, and may be regarded as prompt, reliable and active agents for the successful fulfillment of the responsible duties which they assume.
(See advertisement elsewhere.)
P. W. SCRIBNER, SHIPPING AND COMMISSION LUMBER DEALER, INSURANCE AGENT, ETC.
The remarkable growth of the Lumber trade and cognate industries in Tonawanda, during the past decades, has placed it in a position and given it a prominence that demands a detailed description at our hands, aside from the fact of a general character, which will be found elsewhere in this work.
Of those engaged in mercantile or related operations, whom it becomes our duty to note, we must call attention to the chief enterprise of Mr. P. W. Scribner, who is engaged not only in the lumber trade, as a Shipper and Commission Dealer, but devotes considerable attention to Fire and Marine Underwriting, representing in this capacity many of the most substantial, solvent and trustworthy Insurance Companies operating in this state; a list of which herewith will fully substantiate this statement: Liverpool, London and Globe; Queen’s Insurance Co.; Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg-Magdeburg Insurance Co., Hamburg, Germany; Providence-Washington Insurance Co.; Security Insurance Co., New Haven, Conn.; representing in all cash assets of over thirty-eight million dollars, not including those of the National Loan Insurance Co., of New York, and the New England Underwriters’ Organization, for the assumption of Marine and Inland risks. With such facilities in this branch of his business, Mr. Scribner is enabled to offer perfect security, absolute indemnity and the prompt adjustment of losses.
In the further department of his operations the means for the successful prosecution of the trade are hardly less copious, his dockage on the Niagara river extending to twelve hundred feet, affording every convenience for transshipment, being connected directly with the New York Central and Erie Rail Roads, and the Erie Canal. The business transacted annually has a very extensive one, embracing with its range Rochester, Syracuse, Troy, Albany, New York and many other points.
A native of Tarrytown, this state, where he was born in 1834, Mr. Scribner came to Tonawanda and commenced operations in 1874. His energy, enterprise and industry have led to a substantial success, a success as richly deserved as it has been honestly achieved.
(See advertisement elsewhere.)
E. MORS & CO., WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS IN ROUND AND SQUARE OAK AND PINE LUMBER, TONAWANDA.
Another of those extensive enterprises in the Lumber trade, for which Tonawanda has attained a wide repute, is that of E. Mors & Co., who carry on operations here under the management of F. J. Fellows, to the extent of from five to ten million feet per annum.
The headquarters of the firm are at West Troy, New York, but the advantages presented by Tonawanda as a transhipping port, are such as to have led to the establishment of this branch, for greater convenience in the transaction of the business.
Wholesale and Retail Dealers, as well as operators on Commission, the attention of the firm is mainly directed to a business in Round and Square Oak and Pine Timber, which is procured mostly in Michigan, of the best quality cheap for the trade, and can be handled and sold more cheaply at this point than at other. Mr. F. J. Fellows, who, as before remarked, is the resident representative of the firm, is also United States Custom House Officer at this point and has secured the general esteem by the prompt, liberal and reliable manner in which he executes all orders devolving upon him.
The firm (which was originated by Messrs McDougall), lose no favor with their friends, and are entitled to the consideration of the trade, who find assured advantages by the establishment of relations with the house.
The stock carried will average about three million feet of timber, and is sufficiently diversified to meet all demands in the special direction taken by this popular firm.
ROMER & VIELHAUER, TONAWANDA PLANING MILL.
The enormous Lumber trade which is carried on at this point, between the greater timber producing districts of the Lakes and the entire Eastern and Middle States, make it an unusually favorable one for the establishment of any business involving a manufacture having this material as its basis. In this respect, therefore, the house of Messrs. Romer & Vielhauer is possessed of many advantages and conveniences, which enable it to prosecute the Planing Mill business with more than ordinary success.
This firm was organized in 1875, and began with a small capital but considerable previous experience, the manufacture of Doors, Blinds, Shutters, Window Frames, Flooring, Siding, Mouldings, and in short all kinds of material entering into the construction of houses.
The plant is an excellently located lot of shipping purposes, possessing a frontage of eight hundred feet upon the Tonawanda creek, and containing a milling area of 400x600 feet, and other buildings covering a surface of three thousand square feet. Fifteen employees are engaged by the firm in its operations, and a 20-horse power steam engine, with surplus capacity, is required to operate the machinery in use, all of which is of the most modern design for the wood-working purposes. From the time of its establishment until the present the business has been marked by a constant and steady increase, the capital has been considerably enlarged, and by the energy and industry of the proprietors a trade has been established which embraces many of the principal points in the state.
The senior partner of the firm, Mr. T. J. Romer, is a native of New York City, born there in 1828, and, until recently, a resident of Buffalo for half a century. Mr. Vielhauer comes from Germany, where he was born in the same year as his partner. He has resided in Tonawanda and Buffalo for a number of years, and it is not too much to say that both possess an unusual aptitude for the business, over which they exercise the closest supervision.
Dealers and others at a distance will find their account in corresponding with this firm, as many advantages in price and otherwise are certain to accrue to them from such a connection. As an evidence of the estimation in which this firm and their work is held, we may cite the fact that they have now draughts and plans for furnishing a large new church in Brooklyn, N. Y.; the architect being L. B. Volk, 229 Broadway, New York.
(See advertisement elsewhere.)
J. H. DeGRAFF, DEALER IN LUMBER, TONAWANDA.
It is a noticeable fact that, from the eligible situation of the place, the trade of Tonawanda has turned to lumber (the most staple article of commerce), and has more capital invested in it between the pine lands of Michigan and the port of debarkation than any other commercial commodity. Several houses of high commercial standing are largely interested in it, and turn over during the course of a season many millions of feet.
Among other houses extensively engaged in the business will be found that of Mr. J. H. DeGraff, who was born in Onondaga County in this state, and came to Tonawanda in 1854. He commenced dealing in Lumber, Logs and Long Timber in 1862, and his business has since been extended until it has become one of the largest in the place. He owns Pine lands in Michigan, from whence he obtains his supply. This he transports to his yards at Tonawanda, where the demand for this article is at all times brisk and lively.
Mr. DeGraff's office is located at the store of B. H. Neff, on Main street, and here facilities are at all times offered to purchasers for the transaction of business connected in any way with the trade, to which he has for many years devoted his energies and attention. He always carries a large stock on hand, which at the present time amounts to three million feet; this combines all the different sorts, lengths and sizes necessary or suitable for trade requirements.
The capital invested in the business is necessarily very large, and the trade done is correspondingly so, the sales during last season in Timber and Lumber amounting to eighty-three thousand dollars. With a lengthened experience, a command of capital sufficient for all his requirements, and possessing both Michigan and Tonawanda every facility necessary for doing an important amount of business, Mr. DeGraff will doubtless long retain that high commercial standing and business prosperity which becomes his, due by energetic action and probity in his dealings.
(See advertisement elsewhere.)
FREDERICK SMITH, MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN OAK AND PINE BRIDGE AND BUILDING TIMBER, TONAWANDA.
The enterprise displayed by those engaged in the Lumber business at Tonawanda has been, and is of such an active and aggressive character as to center at this point an enormous trade, and give every assurance of rapid increase and development.
Many operators in this direction are now transacting a business that involves a large amount of capital, and results in a product, the dimensions of which are almost colossal. Among such, Mr. Frederick Smith has accorded a conspicuous and prominent position as one of Tonawanda’s pioneers in this important industry. The business conducted by Mr. Smith was originated by him in 1859, with an investment of capital and resources, and facilities exceedingly limited. The admirable industry of the trader, however, and the native talent and tact of its founder, soon caused the business to flourish, and especially within the last ten years a success has attended the enterprise almost as spontaneous.
The plant of Mr. Smith is located on the Tonawanda Creek, adjacent to the New York Central and Erie Railroads, with which it has connecting tracks that run immediately to the premises, and also convenient to the Erie Canal, by which shipments are also made. His factory, located at Lumber by Lake, the site possesses unequalled facilities. This plant covers an area of about three acres and contains a saw mill of superior quality, 75x75 feet, fully equipped with the very best modern machinery, amongst which are two circular saws, one steam engine, 140-horse power, and a rotary saw of the best pattern, together with additional machinery besides Stearns’ new improved stock for straightening timber (this being the only one of its kind in the state), an operation which it performs with confidence and rapidity. Indeed, so far, has Mr. Smith gone in securing every advantageous appliance as to have spent twelve thousand dollars in new machinery the last year.
The mill and property consolidated does not lay completely at rest in Tonawanda, its value being estimated at about fifty thousand dollars. There is an expense for the factory, of about four hundred dollars per week. Four pair of Horses, wagons, sleds, etc., being also in constant requisition. Ten million feet of Lumber of all kinds are handled here annually, and a trade is transacted over the States of New Jersey, New York, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Connecticut and other localities in the Eastern and Middle States.
The business embraces Lumber and Timbers of all kinds, special attention being paid to the manufacture of Oak and Pine Bridge and Building; also, furnishings for Boats and Vessels, Timber, Lath, Pickets and all kinds of Timber and rough Lumber, and Bills sawed to order and cut to desired shapes and dimensions.
The clerical department is under the charge of Mr. C. T. Rosow, Book-keeper, who for ten years has occupied his present position with credit to himself, and advantage to his employer.
Mr. Frederick Smith is of Prussian origin, and was born in 1835; having accompanied his parents to this country in 1842, he settled in Tonawanda in 1851, and commenced, as before stated, his present business in 1859, in which he has ever since been engaged. Mr. Smith is also a member of the firm of Bliss & Smith, who are also identified with the same industry (and of whom we speak elsewhere), and is widely known in the Lumber trade as one who has done no little to establish up to the present state of progress; he, in all respects Mr. Smith is entitled to the credit that he may properly be regarded as a public man and one whose business relations with his house can fully verify our statements and confirm the reputation which it enjoys.
(See advertisement elsewhere.)
A. G. KENT, LUMBER, TONAWANDA.
One of the oldest and most esteemed men in the Lumber trade in Tonawanda is Mr. A. G. Kent, who has been engaged in the business for many years. He is a dealer in Oak and Pine Logs and Timber, of all kinds, saws Timber to order, and gives special attention to Pile driving and Dock building. In this part of the business he has the most great experience, and his working appliances are of the most modern kind. His contracts can be obtained for the purpose. His place of business is at the corner of Webster and Front streets, and here he has every convenience for doing an unlimited amount of trade.
Mr. Kent, who is a native of this state, having been born at Rome in 1822, came to Tonawanda in 1855, and began business as above so long ago as 1854, with sufficient capital for his wants, which, combined with commendable energy, indomitable perseverance and a thorough knowledge of his business, was the basis of his present prosperity and has led to the prominent standing he now occupies among dealers in Lumber.
From fifteen to forty hands are employed on the various departments of his extensive business, which varies with the seasons and the consequent fluctuations of trade. When navigation is closed in winter, the Lumber market is comparatively speaking, stagnant, and only sufficient hands are retained to attend to the limited local orders.
Mr. Kent’s operations are very large locally, and likewise extend to Lockport, Rochester, Troy, Buffalo, Canada, and all along the Erie canal to the various ports, in all of which places his business associates regard him as the most satisfactory aid, and his responsibility and capacity bear the highest character.
HOWES & EVANS, PLANING MILL, NEAR RAILROAD DEPOT, TONAWANDA.
Carefully exploring the industrial resources and advantages of Tonawanda, we cannot omit some comment upon the enterprise shown by Messrs. Howes & Evans, who are engaged in the Planing Mill business with a success that entitles them to recognition in this work.
Succeeding the house of Skidd & Evans more than a year ago, the above firm began operations with a limited capital, but a thorough knowledge of the business, as shown by the fact that it has already increased to a very considerable extent.
The premises occupied by the firm are located near the junction of the Lockport and the Erie Railroads; the grounds being 150x200 feet in dimensions. The Mill occupies a superficial area of 40x50 feet. This Mill is well supplied with machinery, all of which is of the very best design, and is operated by one new engine of 35-horse power, the products being Rough and Dressed Lumber of all kinds for building purposes.
The individual members of the firm are Messrs. L. D. Howes and J. P. Evans; the former being a native of Owego, N. Y., born November, 1848; the latter coming here from Fort Ann, Washington Co., N. Y., and was born in Tompkins County, 1832.
Thoroughly familiar with the business in which it is engaged, and taking an active part in all its practical details, the firm is prepared to compete with any in offering substantial advantages to the trade, and is highly esteemed as being prompt, reliable and liberal in all its operations. Everything in their line can be furnished on short notice.
(See advertisement elsewhere.)
E. EVANS & SONS, DEALERS IN MASTS, CANADA AND MICHIGAN ROUND TIMBER; TUGS FOR RAFT TOWING, TONAWANDA.
One of the oldest houses in Tonawanda engaged in the timber trade, having been established in 1861, by Evans, Kimbarker & Co., that of E. Evans & Sons is entitled to more than brief mention in these pages. Having conducted business under the first firm title from 1861 to November, 1877, the style was then stated to Evans, Yocum & Co., who were finally succeeded, January 1st, 1880, by the present concern.
Few houses in this place enjoy better facilities for the transaction of an extensive business in Canada and Michigan Round Timber and Masts of every description than E. Evans & Sons, nor offer more favorable inducements in the matter of Towing and Rafting, by tugs constructed especially for this purpose.
The plant of the firm is most availably situated for the business, and possesses a frontage on Tonawanda Creek of fifteen hundred feet, being, also, contiguous to lake, railways and canal. Here numerous employees find occupation in handling and caring for a stock that averages between two and three million feet, and in aiding the prosecution of the business, which last year amounted to over eighty thousand dollars.
One large vessel and numerous small crafts, tugs, etc., are owned and controlled by the firm, in transporting timber for itself as well as others, a considerable part of the trade being in this direction.
The individual members of the house are E. Evans, H. J., and J. E. Evans (the former being of the firm of Evans, Schwinger & Co., bankers), all of whom possess a thorough, practical knowledge of the work in which they are engaged.
The relations of the firm extend over a wide territory, embracing Albany, Troy, New York City, Boston, Rochester, etc., where a large amount of the sales are thereupon located.
The influence exercised by this house in the promotion of the lumber trade at Tonawanda, has been of the most substantial and useful character, and has led, in no small degree, to the promotion of an industry which seems destined to become one of the most important in the State.
Dealers establishing a connection with this house may depend upon receiving prompt and liberal treatment, and such marked advantages as can, with difficulty, be duplicated elsewhere.
(See advertisement elsewhere.)
P. S. HUMPHREY, GENERAL INSURANCE AGENT, CORNER MAIN AND SOUTH CANAL STREETS, TONAWANDA, N. Y.
In submitting to our readers a detailed description of the industries of Tonawanda, it must not be forgotten, that the lumber business, the controlling trade of the place, is but one of her necessary enterprises, which demand our attention. Of such, that of the underwriting and soliciting of security against the disasters of fire and conflagration is of the highest importance, and engaged in this distinctive department of the business, we find Mr. P. S. Humphrey, who transacts a three-fourths of the insurance done at this port.
For many years a resident of Tonawanda and thoroughly posted in all matters touching the familiar trade of the water, Mr. Humphrey has become the agent and representative of a number of the most prominent and responsible Fire and Marine Companies of the world, as will appear from the following:
Home Insurance Company, of New York; incorporated 1853; capital, $3,000,000; assets, $6,140,988; losses paid since establishment, $29,900,884.
North British & Mercantile Insurance Company, of London, England; incorporated by Royal Chapter, 1809; capital, United States, $1,844,598. This Company paid for losses in the Chicago and Boston great fires $2,400,000, besides contributing to the relief of sufferers.
Fire Association of Philadelphia; organized 1817; assets, $6,715,417; one of the oldest and most reliable companies in this country.
The Buffalo German Insurance Company; organized 1864; assets, $871,062.46; net surplus over all liabilities, $421,022.46.
Hanover Insurance Company, New York; incorporated 1852; assets, $1,650,709.
Lancashire Insurance Company of Manchester, England; organized 1872; commenced business in the United States in 1872, and has accumulated assets in this country to the amount of $879,899.
German American Insurance Company, of New York; capital, $2,000,000; gross assets, $2,169,309; a very strong and reliable company, of which Mr. Humphrey has recently assumed the agency.
The Peoples’ Insurance Company, of Newark, N. J.; incorporated 1866; cash assets, $581,455.
United Firemen, of Philadelphia; organized 1860; assets, $672,771.
St. Paul Fire and Marine Insurance Company, of St. Paul, Minnesota; cash assets, $857,681. And Lamar Insurance Company, of New York, with assets $375,913; the last two named issuing joint policies on canal cargoes.
These companies represent an aggregate available accumulation of over $20,000,000, and we are compelled to admit, that few underwriters, even in the most complete cities, represent so vast a capital in the prosecution of their business.
In addition to the foregoing, Mr. Humphrey is agent for the only strictly Life and Accident Insurance Company in the United States, viz: The Travelers’ Life and Accident Company, of Hartford, an organization whose usefulness is daily increasing at this point.
With such almost unparalleled advantages, it is not surprising that Mr. Humphrey is enabled to transact a business in every way satisfactory to his clients as well as to himself and that the honest interests he has cultivated are vested in his hands.
In addition to his other duties, Mr. Humphrey is at present Collector of Customs at this port, and is in every capacity a man of enterprise, action, and ability.
A native of Tonawanda, where he was born in 1851, his career has been eminently successful, and his efforts have proved of general benefit to the community.
TONAWANDA PIPE WORKS, MANUFACTURERS OF THE WYCKOFF PATENT WATER AND GAS PIPE, TONAWANDA.
In examining into the interests and resources of Tonawanda it becomes our duty to note one industry which, entirely unique in its way, stands alone, there being but one other contemporaneous concern of the kind in this country. We allude by this reference to the Tonawanda Pipe Works, where the manufacture of the Wyckoff Patent Water and Gas Pipe is carried on by this concern upon a successful and extended scale. The particularly advantageous position of Tonawanda, upon which we have detailed elsewhere, makes it of all points one most favorable for the prosecution of any enterprise involving the use of Timber.
Availing himself of these advantages, Mr. I. S. Hobbie in 1857 established the concern in question, which after one or two changes still remains under his management, the above title being adopted.
The plant covers an area of about four acres, and has been judiciously located with a view to convenience in the receipt of Lumber by lake, and the shipment of products by lake, railroads and canal. The building where the manufacture is carried on alone occupies a surface area of more than one acre, the same being admirably supplied with wood-working machinery, patented and expressly invented for the manufacture of this pipe. A 60-horse-power steam engine, with large surplus boiler capacity, is required to operate this mechanism, while thirty-five hands find employment in the works. The product consists of Wooden Piping of all dimensions adapted expressly for Water, Gas, and extremely useful as casing for Steam pipes. This tubing is manufactured in the most ingenious manner, the method of construction being so exact and admirable as to [...]
The Circulars Issued by the Concern
The circulars issued by the concern contain hundreds of testimonials with regard to the lasting efficacy and usefulness of this material for Water and Gas conveyance. It is shown conclusively, and is proved by the highest authorities in engineering and practical mechanics, that the Wyckoff Pipe is not only capable of standing any reasonable pressure such as required in the Holly Water system, but also possesses that durability which gives it a vast superiority over metal, making on this account the cheapest piping extant.
Certain other claims have been made for it, which are also equally well established in the line of purity, as a conductor, anti-freezing qualities, elasticity, convenience in tapping and laying, besides other advantages of a like character.
Our space does not permit us to enter into the various patented processes for the manufacture of the product, but it becomes obvious upon a careful examination that its desirability and usefulness is based upon naturally philosophic principles that cannot be gainsaid.
The introduction of this article has been attended with signal success, and an extensive trade has been established over all the New England and a large number of the Western and Middle States.
Mr. Hobbie, the originator of the business in Tonawanda, was born in Duchess County (this State) 1820, and though, as before stated, he established the plant here in 1857, he did not make this place his permanent residence until two years ago.
We dislike the employment of superlatives from a natural apprehension of seeming to exaggerate, but in this case, after a thorough examination of its claims, we are obliged to confess that the Wyckoff Patent Piping is the best in all respects for the purposes to which it is applied than any with which we are acquainted.
Farmers, Tanners, Engineers for Water and Gas Works, and others interested, will find it greatly to their advantage to investigate the truth of the foregoing statements, all facts being readily obtainable by addressing the Tonawanda Pipe Works, Tonawanda, Erie Co., N. Y.
(See advertisement elsewhere.)
Alexander McBean, Manufacturer and General Dealer in Timber and Lumber, Tonawanda.
While our attention is directed to the Lumber business of Tonawanda, of which a copious editorial account will be found elsewhere, we do not feel at liberty to evade a cordial recognition of the enterprise of Mr. Alexander McBean, who established himself here in 1872, and commenced operations as a general dealer in Timber and Lumber.
Beginning upon a comparatively small scale, the business during the last eight years has grown to very extensive proportions, involving the manufacture of Bridge, Building and Ship Timber, Spars, Oak and Pine, Backing for Frames, Shingles, Laths, Siding, Ceiling, Flooring, and all sorts of Kiln-dried and Boat-building material.
Some idea may be gained of the dimensions of the business from the fact that two million feet of Timber are in stock at the present time, while the capacity averages about six million feet annually.
The plant, which is situated on the Tonawanda Creek and Erie Canal, occupies about five acres, the Mill alone having a superficial area of 60x120 feet, where from fifteen to thirty operatives find constant employment, and a 55-horse-power steam engine, with boiler of requisite capacity, is required to drive the machinery. The business is divided into two departments, viz: that which pertains to Boat Building and that connected with the Mill.
With reference to the latter it may be stated that the machinery with which it is equipped embraces all the latest modern improvements for securing perfection and rapidity, no expense having been spared to make this Mill as complete as possible.
Assisted by Mr. C. W. Watkins, agent and salesman, Mr. McBean has established a trade of wide extent, ranging all over the States, chiefly through the East, and largely in New York, Boston and Philadelphia.
Originally from Canada, Mr. McBean acquired a large experience in the Lumber business before coming here from Michigan in 1871, and is one of a family, all of whom are prominent in the Lumber trade.
Besides conducting the operations in Tonawanda, to which we have alluded, a large business is carried on at Bradford, Pa., where a branch yard was established in 1876.
In addition to the large interests already alluded to, Mr. McBean has a well equipped Saw-mill in Tawas City, Lake Michigan, having a capacity of thirteen million feet annually with docking facilities connected therewith for four million feet. All the long Timber for his Tonawanda and Bradford business is manufactured from his own Pine Lands, while the short Logs are cut at the Tawas Mills in Stock Lumber, and are sold in all parts of the United States.
Mr. McBean has also under erection a Salt Works in connection with the Tawas Mills, the capacity of which will be one hundred and fifty barrels daily, and from the foregoing some slight conception may be had of the large interests owned by Mr. McBean.
To the advancement of these his well-known business tact and energy are directed. His success and facilities, as well as the honorable character of his dealings, have placed him on a par with any of his contemporaries, and enable him to offer advantages to the trade not readily secured elsewhere.
BLISS & SMITH, DEALERS IN MICHIGAN PINE LUMBER, SPARS, ETC., TONAWANDA.
"A threefold cord is not easily broken." This adage, or figure of speech, is frequently used when we desire to convey the idea of strength, central power, combinations whether in the political, social, or commercial avenues of life, are alike indicative of strength and influence, either for good, or its opposite, according to the principles by which they are governed, or the foundations upon which they are laid. The above remarks are pertinent in their application to the firm of Bliss & Smith, not only as viewed in their firm construction, but from the fact that each one separately adds to this joint enterprise—J. A. Bliss having an extensive Shingle Mills and Frederick Smith equally large and extensive Saw Mills, also Dealers in Lumber and Bill Stuff, Oak, Pine, Lath, etc. Their triple cord is a strong one; bound together by capital, experience, facilities and energy, it is proof against the severest strain, and equal to all emergencies. The firm of Bliss & Smith, Timber Dealers, was organized in 1877 to import Timber from Deal Shore, Michigan to Tonawanda. In 1878 they brought to this place two million feet, in 1879 seven million feet, in 1880 expect to reach ten million feet, and from such figures, the magnitude of their business may be inferred. During the winter they employ some hundred and fifty hands, lessening their force during Summer. This enterprise finds a ready market in Michigan and New York State.
Mr. S. C. Hosmer has charge of the clerical sales department for Bliss & Smith, and is specially qualified for the responsible position he holds.
As stated in other notices in this work, Mr. J. A. Bliss is a native of Ontario County, N. Y., while Mr. Frederick Smith is a native of Germany; both, however, are old residents of Tonawanda and have done much to advance the best interests of the place.
(See advertisement elsewhere.)
TONAWANDA ENGINE AND MACHINE CO., GENERAL MACHINISTS AND IRON FOUNDERS, TONAWANDA.
A description of the industries of Tonawanda would be far from complete without some mention, at least, of the Tonawanda Engine and Machine Co., which was established here in 1873 by James Armitage, Allen, and George Herschell, has sprung into considerable prominence, and is promising to no small degree of the general welfare of this community.
Commencing with a capital entirely inadequate to the essential requirements of their operations, the Company has succeeded in augmenting their original resources by degrees, but so successful, however, have they been in this, that at present, they maintain a position as one of the best of the kind in Tonawanda, having a productive capacity more in keeping with the demands made upon the resources of the Company.
The plant is located near Oliver Street, near the railway depot, and occupies three-quarters of an acre, containing several buildings; one 30x60 feet in extent, with a wing twenty-five by twenty feet, and a Foundry having an area forty-two by sixty feet, besides other structures. The premises contain in all a series of buildings completely suited to their employment, which are fitted up with all the requisite machinery, including Foundry Apparatus, Trip Hammers, Planers, Punches, Boring Lathes, Steam Punches and all the mechanisms necessary for the manufacture of Agricultural, Mill Gearing and Saw-Mill Machinery, Hoisting Machinery, Churches, Chimneys, Cupola Bells, Hand-Winches, Agricultural Machinery, such as Harrows and Reapers, and other Iron Castings. With a 30-horse power Steam Engine which exhibits boiler capacity...